Maxwell, who took over as skipper in 2009 and led the club to the 2010 premiership, said he was keen to build on Collingwood's recent success.
"As captain of the club, I have committed to the cause as I can see that we have a real opportunity to experience a period of sustained success, and it would be great for everyone in the group to follow my lead," Maxwell told collingwoodfc.com.au.
"We have created an environment that players want to be a part of, and we have a really strong, driven group. I’m determined to make the most of the opportunity to be part of something special."
The 27-year-old has played 140 games in seven seasons and in 2010 became just the ninth player to captain the Magpies to a premiership.
He has thrived as skipper, being named All Australian in 2009 and receiving the Bob Rose Trophy as the team's best finals player in 2010 with Dane Swan and Dale Thomas.
"I’m extremely grateful for the opportunities Collingwood has given me, and it was an unbelievable honour to be a part of a premiership with this group of guys, at this great club," Maxwell added.
"To commit until the end of the 2013 season is exciting, and I will do my absolute best to lead this playing group, so Collingwood supporters can experience even more success."
Maxwell was originally drafted onto the rookie list in 2002, and elevated onto the senior list at the end of 2004.
Meanwhile, Collingwood announced at its AGM on Wednesday night that 1990 premiership players Doug Barwick and Craig Starcevich would receive life membership, along with key forward Brian Taylor, who did not play in the grand final.
Leon Davis, who reached the 200-game milestone with the Magpies, also received life membership, while Ben Johnson and Josh Fraser elected to wait until the end of their AFL careers before receiving the honour.
